tests/testx509.py

   1 #!/usr/bin/env python
   2 # -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
   3
   4 from ctypescrypto.x509 import X509,X509Store,utc,StackOfX509
   5 from ctypescrypto.oid import Oid
   6 from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
   7 import datetime
   8 import unittest
   9 import os
  10
  11
  12
  13 class TestCertInfo(unittest.TestCase):
  14     ca_cert="""-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
  15 MIIEDzCCAvegAwIBAgIJAN9Ejmna3JJ7MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMIGdMQswCQYD
  16 VQQGEwJSVTEVMBMGA1UECAwM0JzQvtGB0LrQstCwMTAwLgYDVQQKDCfQo9C00L7R
  17 gdGC0L7QstC10YDRj9GO0YnQuNC5INGG0LXQvdGC0YAxIjAgBgNVBAMMGdCS0LjQ
  18 utGC0L7RgCDQktCw0LPQvdC10YAxITAfBgkqhkiG9w0BCQEWEnZpdHVzQHdhZ25l
  19 ci5wcC5ydTAeFw0xNDEwMjYxNDQ2MzJaFw0xNzEwMjUxNDQ2MzJaMIGdMQswCQYD
  20 VQQGEwJSVTEVMBMGA1UECAwM0JzQvtGB0LrQstCwMTAwLgYDVQQKDCfQo9C00L7R
  21 gdGC0L7QstC10YDRj9GO0YnQuNC5INGG0LXQvdGC0YAxIjAgBgNVBAMMGdCS0LjQ
  22 utGC0L7RgCDQktCw0LPQvdC10YAxITAfBgkqhkiG9w0BCQEWEnZpdHVzQHdhZ25l
  23 ci5wcC5ydTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAJn+nL8CDaM0
  24 KNafGYdEDuFuCKHFxCcbaT7ecGbwjPKtnqZLOnYpa2iLFY+n7zAYw1MRkFkaR8b+
  25 +AeFPWS9T60ygeWysT9XTS77Fdl69Tmr8HChRk0BuLB3vFCy34vBHSG6Frdm8PtS
  26 PLEleldiwUCHLS+EckrnJylQK13X3HofSbIGzKK53MsuQOtp2dJw3b7MILM/+XBm
  27 RgZlEbTEPYMOH8CE3mu9/LqXfIRQM7+nmzcNZI3RAwxEVHOSHEbgFZaksTj8rMIa
  28 SrJwknmxHntI3P5PSNNbs0SO3TW8ePDIIpbVcjNsMX4qGX8b+8quZuzciKOto8S0
  29 0A6eOBd8Vi0CAwEAAaNQME4wHQYDVR0OBBYEFKzcbd6+N1TKfBjvmyTvw8+DnzAZ
  30 MB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFKzcbd6+N1TKfBjvmyTvw8+DnzAZMAwGA1UdEwQFMAMBAf8w
  31 DQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBAAa1PpkpL842hh8jLXIpA/nK8aVDDcu5p3pA72/b
  32 noFnZuKcuaSUOz1rrLqxDK2JB3lmChQaVx3pZwqJgA0h0XBScar+8wM2TfeyW+oU
  33 Gr5tOAxoHVRpgn6oCoJkKo0HS2/NA12T/gYsXhXJXn4tuvDjaUzY+K+hhAWh64oL
  34 /c61eKfCZKp50t9Eoua0xHII2Mveb27Ps46j/CZ1r0ts7sGieOqjQo3GZOOikG6F
  35 vFY/2KV16/FdBovTFWMyKrzlYHm0Wgt28IWqhocq/golLfvkz3VAkLQvOF2i6hNc
  36 4feBv69SRTsTCFN9PtJCtxPX/K9LZKeccBKgGjrHQpAF+JU=
  37 -----END CERTIFICATE-----
  38 """
  39     cert1="""-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
  40 MIIEDzCCAvegAwIBAgIJAN9Ejmna3JJ8MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAMIGdMQswCQYD
  41 VQQGEwJSVTEVMBMGA1UECAwM0JzQvtGB0LrQstCwMTAwLgYDVQQKDCfQo9C00L7R
  42 gdGC0L7QstC10YDRj9GO0YnQuNC5INGG0LXQvdGC0YAxIjAgBgNVBAMMGdCS0LjQ
  43 utGC0L7RgCDQktCw0LPQvdC10YAxITAfBgkqhkiG9w0BCQEWEnZpdHVzQHdhZ25l
  44 ci5wcC5ydTAeFw0xNDEwMjYxOTA3MTdaFw0yNDEwMjMxOTA3MTdaMIGBMQswCQYD
  45 VQQGEwJSVTEVMBMGA1UECAwM0JzQvtGB0LrQstCwMRUwEwYDVQQHDAzQnNC+0YHQ
  46 utCy0LAxIDAeBgNVBAoMF9Cn0LDRgdGC0L3QvtC1INC70LjRhtC+MSIwIAYDVQQD
  47 DBnQktC40LrRgtC+0YAg0JLQsNCz0L3QtdGAMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOC
  48 AQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEArQSfrrxNROyzNEz60G2EHBP+E4BL0b1QytGAZZiQp2XIhhQe
  49 b7mx+c4mpwgvD7/IdAcK+YVGx78nfY723T3wG48U7HzFNbLvNDycxyXecXbvCmRs
  50 xPy8TxkwPf6TIT3UcixtwMMqZFqlAtSTDmOOWSaUuftL/+yFk729xDoYkOZhFwUS
  51 UM5SbEZ0JpufWFjDi3Qwj3ZOTXliHC3e4C7187Me0Nne59dttyKpq1YAThn4Srar
  52 vZYU6Ykk/LUae0FCvfeiKLShWY05XnPVmvPiiFTXJP8/Au8kfezlA4b+eS81zWq2
  53 BFvNlBQsgf04S88oew0CuBBgtjUIIw7XZkS03QIDAQABo2wwajAJBgNVHRMEAjAA
  54 MB0GA1UdDgQWBBRflZBerCFYheRQne/sWL3zY7GiAzAfBgNVHSMEGDAWgBSs3G3e
  55 vjdUynwY75sk78PPg58wGTAdBgNVHREEFjAUgRJ2aXR1c0B3YWduZXIucHAucnUw
  56 DQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBAGx1z0ylq90hP3x/2DmfVUYBA46CiGnV4NSiaOWE
  57 Y18jCuG3W8FcI7JP4uEEjKyz3XbuhTFW2GsZ2L3FGgpA5eXBikgCn5kRpOHgb45r
  58 SxE8u3TwVlYlaF+7RHPYLqmgb25d/O/28McemMmTGecPC9edbtDqLv03aJ0t4gXn
  59 BD+xTJOP74Yhu5IPIV92J6pSBpIoy+qiyOA1iRpOWzrVHVR504vAaFxlfZs3VJhP
  60 uo291iEXyooazJdbWwZwcwk7WrNNKhqktPTg0X1ZHNnGwOAGPzwNJFGPeFj71r0t
  61 aFWU5EMRKaZK75keXq/RdaOAenl+nKF6xA2XHDhGgdndFfY=
  62 -----END CERTIFICATE-----
  63 """
  64     pubkey1="""-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
  65 MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEArQSfrrxNROyzNEz60G2E
  66 HBP+E4BL0b1QytGAZZiQp2XIhhQeb7mx+c4mpwgvD7/IdAcK+YVGx78nfY723T3w
  67 G48U7HzFNbLvNDycxyXecXbvCmRsxPy8TxkwPf6TIT3UcixtwMMqZFqlAtSTDmOO
  68 WSaUuftL/+yFk729xDoYkOZhFwUSUM5SbEZ0JpufWFjDi3Qwj3ZOTXliHC3e4C71
  69 87Me0Nne59dttyKpq1YAThn4SrarvZYU6Ykk/LUae0FCvfeiKLShWY05XnPVmvPi
  70 iFTXJP8/Au8kfezlA4b+eS81zWq2BFvNlBQsgf04S88oew0CuBBgtjUIIw7XZkS0
  71 3QIDAQAB
  72 -----END PUBLIC KEY-----
  73 """
  74     digicert_cert="""digicert.crt
  75 -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
  76 MIIG5jCCBc6gAwIBAgIQAze5KDR8YKauxa2xIX84YDANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBs
  77 MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3
  78 d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSswKQYDVQQDEyJEaWdpQ2VydCBIaWdoIEFzc3VyYW5j
  79 ZSBFViBSb290IENBMB4XDTA3MTEwOTEyMDAwMFoXDTIxMTExMDAwMDAwMFowaTEL
  80 MAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoTDERpZ2lDZXJ0IEluYzEZMBcGA1UECxMQd3d3
  81 LmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbTEoMCYGA1UEAxMfRGlnaUNlcnQgSGlnaCBBc3N1cmFuY2Ug
  82 RVYgQ0EtMTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAPOWYth1bhn/
  83 PzR8SU8xfg0ETpmB4rOFVZEwscCvcLssqOcYqj9495BoUoYBiJfiOwZlkKq9ZXbC
  84 7L4QWzd4g2B1Rca9dKq2n6Q6AVAXxDlpufFP74LByvNK28yeUE9NQKM6kOeGZrzw
  85 PnYoTNF1gJ5qNRQ1A57bDIzCKK1Qss72kaPDpQpYSfZ1RGy6+c7pqzoC4E3zrOJ6
  86 4GAiBTyC01Li85xH+DvYskuTVkq/cKs+6WjIHY9YHSpNXic9rQpZL1oRIEDZaARo
  87 LfTAhAsKG3jf7RpY3PtBWm1r8u0c7lwytlzs16YDMqbo3rcoJ1mIgP97rYlY1R4U
  88 pPKwcNSgPqcCAwEAAaOCA4UwggOBMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIBhjA7BgNVHSUENDAy
  89 BggrBgEFBQcDAQYIKwYBBQUHAwIGCCsGAQUFBwMDBggrBgEFBQcDBAYIKwYBBQUH
  90 AwgwggHEBgNVHSAEggG7MIIBtzCCAbMGCWCGSAGG/WwCATCCAaQwOgYIKwYBBQUH
  91 AgEWLmh0dHA6Ly93d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tL3NzbC1jcHMtcmVwb3NpdG9yeS5o
  92 dG0wggFkBggrBgEFBQcCAjCCAVYeggFSAEEAbgB5ACAAdQBzAGUAIABvAGYAIAB0
  93 AGgAaQBzACAAQwBlAHIAdABpAGYAaQBjAGEAdABlACAAYwBvAG4AcwB0AGkAdAB1
  94 AHQAZQBzACAAYQBjAGMAZQBwAHQAYQBuAGMAZQAgAG8AZgAgAHQAaABlACAARABp
  95 AGcAaQBDAGUAcgB0ACAARQBWACAAQwBQAFMAIABhAG4AZAAgAHQAaABlACAAUgBl
  96 AGwAeQBpAG4AZwAgAFAAYQByAHQAeQAgAEEAZwByAGUAZQBtAGUAbgB0ACAAdwBo
  97 AGkAYwBoACAAbABpAG0AaQB0ACAAbABpAGEAYgBpAGwAaQB0AHkAIABhAG4AZAAg
  98 AGEAcgBlACAAaQBuAGMAbwByAHAAbwByAGEAdABlAGQAIABoAGUAcgBlAGkAbgAg
  99 AGIAeQAgAHIAZQBmAGUAcgBlAG4AYwBlAC4wEgYDVR0TAQH/BAgwBgEB/wIBADCB
 100 gwYIKwYBBQUHAQEEdzB1MCQGCCsGAQUFBzABhhhodHRwOi8vb2NzcC5kaWdpY2Vy
 101 dC5jb20wTQYIKwYBBQUHMAKGQWh0dHA6Ly93d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tL0NBQ2Vy
 102 dHMvRGlnaUNlcnRIaWdoQXNzdXJhbmNlRVZSb290Q0EuY3J0MIGPBgNVHR8EgYcw
 103 gYQwQKA+oDyGOmh0dHA6Ly9jcmwzLmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbS9EaWdpQ2VydEhpZ2hB
 104 c3N1cmFuY2VFVlJvb3RDQS5jcmwwQKA+oDyGOmh0dHA6Ly9jcmw0LmRpZ2ljZXJ0
 105 LmNvbS9EaWdpQ2VydEhpZ2hBc3N1cmFuY2VFVlJvb3RDQS5jcmwwHQYDVR0OBBYE
 106 FExYyyXwQU9S9CjIgUObpqig5pLlMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFLE+w2kD+L9HAdSYJhoI
 107 Au9jZCvDMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQBMeheHKF0XvLIyc7/NLvVYMR3wsXFU
 108 nNabZ5PbLwM+Fm8eA8lThKNWYB54lBuiqG+jpItSkdfdXJW777UWSemlQk808kf/
 109 roF/E1S3IMRwFcuBCoHLdFfcnN8kpCkMGPAc5K4HM+zxST5Vz25PDVR708noFUjU
 110 xbvcNRx3RQdIRYW9135TuMAW2ZXNi419yWBP0aKb49Aw1rRzNubS+QOy46T15bg+
 111 BEkAui6mSnKDcp33C4ypieez12Qf1uNgywPE3IjpnSUBAHHLA7QpYCWP+UbRe3Gu
 112 zVMSW4SOwg/H7ZMZ2cn6j1g0djIvruFQFGHUqFijyDATI+/GJYw2jxyA
 113 -----END CERTIFICATE-----
 114 """
 115     def test_readpubkey(self):
 116         c=X509(self.cert1)
 117         p=c.pubkey
 118         self.assertEqual(p.exportpub(),self.pubkey1)
 119     def test_pem(self):
 120         c=X509(self.cert1)
 121         self.assertEqual(c.pem(),self.cert1)
 122     def test_subject(self):
 123         c=X509(self.cert1)
 124         self.assertEqual(unicode(c.subject),u'C=RU,ST=Москва,L=Москва,O=Частное лицо,CN=Виктор Вагнер')
 125     def test_subject_str(self):
 126         c=X509(self.cert1)
 127         self.assertEqual(str(c.subject),b'C=RU,ST=\\D0\\9C\\D0\\BE\\D1\\81\\D0\\BA\\D0\\B2\\D0\\B0,L=\\D0\\9C\\D0\\BE\\D1\\81\\D0\\BA\\D0\\B2\\D0\\B0,O=\\D0\\A7\\D0\\B0\\D1\\81\\D1\\82\\D0\\BD\\D0\\BE\\D0\\B5 \\D0\\BB\\D0\\B8\\D1\\86\\D0\\BE,CN=\\D0\\92\\D0\\B8\\D0\\BA\\D1\\82\\D0\\BE\\D1\\80 \\D0\\92\\D0\\B0\\D0\\B3\\D0\\BD\\D0\\B5\\D1\\80')
 128     def test_subject_len(self):
 129         c=X509(self.cert1)
 130         self.assertEqual(len(c.subject),5)
 131     def test_issuer(self):
 132         c=X509(self.cert1)
 133         self.assertEqual(unicode(c.issuer),u'C=RU,ST=Москва,O=Удостоверяющий центр,CN=Виктор Вагнер,emailAddress=vitus@wagner.pp.ru')
 134     def test_subjectfields(self):
 135         c=X509(self.cert1)
 136         self.assertEqual(c.subject[Oid("C")],"RU")
 137         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
 138             x=c.subject["CN"]
 139         self.assertEqual(c.subject[Oid("L")],u'\u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430')
 140     def test_subjectmodify(self):
 141         c=X509(self.cert1)
 142         with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
 143             c.subject[Oid("CN")]=u'Foo'
 144         with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
 145             del c.subject[Oid('CN')]
 146     def test_subjectbadsubfield(self):
 147         c=X509(self.cert1)
 148         with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
 149             x=c.subject[Oid("streetAddress")]
 150     def test_subjectfieldindex(self):
 151         c=X509(self.cert1)
 152         self.assertEqual(repr(c.subject[0]),repr((Oid('C'),u'RU')))
 153     def test_subjectbadindex(self):
 154         c=X509(self.cert1)
 155         with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
 156             x=c.subject[11]
 157         with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
 158             x=c.subject[-1]
 159     def test_notBefore(self):
 160         c=X509(self.cert1)
 161         self.assertEqual(c.startDate,datetime.datetime(2014,10,26,19,07,17,0,utc))
 162     def test_notAfter(self):
 163         c=X509(self.cert1)
 164         self.assertEqual(c.endDate,datetime.datetime(2024,10,23,19,7,17,0,utc))
 165     def test_subjectHash(self):
 166         c=X509(self.cert1)
 167         self.assertEqual(hash(c.subject),0x1f3ed722)
 168     def test_issuerHash(self):
 169         c=X509(self.cert1)
 170         self.assertEqual(hash(c.issuer),0x7d3ea8c3)
 171     def test_namecomp(self):
 172         c=X509(self.cert1)
 173         ca=X509(self.ca_cert)
 174         self.assertEqual(c.issuer,ca.subject)
 175         self.assertNotEqual(c.subject,c.issuer)
 176         self.assertEqual(ca.issuer,ca.subject)
 177     def test_serial(self):
 178         c=X509(self.cert1)
 179         self.assertEqual(c.serial,0xDF448E69DADC927CL)
 180     def test_version(self):
 181         c=X509(self.cert1)
 182         self.assertEqual(c.version,3)
 183     def test_ca_cert(self):
 184         ca=X509(self.ca_cert)
 185         self.assertTrue(ca.check_ca())
 186         notca=X509(self.cert1)
 187         self.assertFalse(notca.check_ca())
 188     def test_extension_count(self):
 189         cert=X509(self.cert1)
 190         self.assertTrue(len(cert.extensions),4)
 191         ca_cert=X509(self.ca_cert)
 192         self.assertEqual(len(ca_cert.extensions),3)
 193     def test_extension_outofrange(self):
 194         cert=X509(self.cert1)
 195         with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
 196             cert.extensions[4]
 197         with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
 198             cert.extensions[-1]
 199     def test_extension_oid(self):
 200         cert=X509(self.cert1)
 201         ext=cert.extensions[0]
 202         ext_id=ext.oid
 203         self.assertTrue(isinstance(ext_id,Oid))
 204         self.assertEqual(ext_id,Oid('basicConstraints'))
 205     def test_extension_text(self):
 206         cert=X509(self.cert1)
 207         ext=cert.extensions[0]
 208         self.assertEqual(str(ext),'CA:FALSE')
 209         self.assertEqual(unicode(ext),u'CA:FALSE')
 210     def test_extenson_find(self):
 211         cert=X509(self.cert1)
 212         exts=cert.extensions.find(Oid('subjectAltName'))
 213         self.assertEqual(len(exts),1)
 214         self.assertEqual(exts[0].oid,Oid('subjectAltName'))
 215     def test_extension_bad_find(self):
 216         cert=X509(self.cert1)
 217         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
 218             exts=cert.extensions.find('subjectAltName')
 219     def test_extenson_critical(self):
 220         cert=X509(self.digicert_cert)
 221         crit_exts=cert.extensions.find_critical()
 222         self.assertEqual(len(crit_exts),2)
 223         other_exts=cert.extensions.find_critical(False)
 224         self.assertEqual(len(crit_exts)+len(other_exts),len(cert.extensions))
 225         self.assertEqual(crit_exts[0].critical,True)
 226         self.assertEqual(other_exts[0].critical,False)
 227     def test_verify_by_key(self):
 228         ca=X509(self.ca_cert)
 229         pubkey=ca.pubkey
 230         self.assertTrue(ca.verify(key=pubkey))
 231         c=X509(self.cert1)
 232         pk2=c.pubkey
 233         self.assertFalse(c.verify(key=pk2))
 234         self.assertTrue(c.verify(key=pubkey))
 235     def test_verify_self_singed(self):
 236         ca=X509(self.ca_cert)
 237         self.assertTrue(ca.verify())
 238     def test_default_filestore(self):
 239         store=X509Store(default=True)
 240         c1=X509(self.cert1)
 241         # Cert signed by our CA shouldn't be successfully verified
 242         # by default CA store
 243         self.assertFalse(c1.verify(store))
 244         # but cert, downloaded from some commercial CA - should.
 245         c2=X509(self.digicert_cert)
 246         self.assertTrue(c2.verify(store))
 247     def test_verify_by_filestore(self):
 248         trusted=NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False)
 249         trusted.write(self.ca_cert)
 250         trusted.close()
 251         goodcert=X509(self.cert1)
 252         badcert=X509(self.cert1[0:-30]+"GG"+self.cert1[-28:])
 253         gitcert=X509(self.digicert_cert)
 254         store=X509Store(file=trusted.name)
 255         os.unlink(trusted.name)
 256         # We should successfuly verify certificate signed by our CA cert
 257         self.assertTrue(goodcert.verify(store))
 258         # We should reject corrupted certificate
 259         self.assertFalse(badcert.verify(store))
 260         # And if we specify explicitely certificate file, certificate,
 261         # signed by some commercial CA should be rejected too
 262         self.assertFalse(gitcert.verify(store))
 263         trusted.close()
 264     def test_verify_by_dirstore(self):
 265         pass
 266     def test_certstack1(self):
 267         l=[]
 268         l.append(X509(self.cert1))
 269         self.assertEqual(unicode(l[0].subject[Oid('CN')]),u'Виктор Вагнер')
 270         l.append(X509(self.ca_cert))
 271         l.append(X509(self.digicert_cert))
 272         stack=StackOfX509(certs=l)
 273         self.assertEqual(len(stack),3)
 274         self.assertTrue(isinstance(stack[1],X509))
 275         self.assertEqual(unicode(stack[0].subject[Oid('CN')]),u'Виктор Вагнер')
 276         with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
 277             c=stack[-1]
 278         with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
 279             c=stack[3]
 280         del stack[1]
 281         self.assertEqual(len(stack),2)
 282         self.assertEqual(unicode(stack[0].subject[Oid('CN')]),u'Виктор Вагнер')
 283         self.assertEqual(unicode(stack[1].subject[Oid('CN')]),u'DigiCert High Assurance EV CA-1')
 284     def test_certstack2(self):
 285         stack=StackOfX509()
 286         stack.append(X509(self.cert1))
 287         stack.append(X509(self.ca_cert))
 288         c=stack[1]
 289         stack[1]=X509(self.digicert_cert)
 290         self.assertEqual(len(stack),2)
 291         self.assertEqual(unicode(stack[1].subject[Oid('CN')]),u'DigiCert High Assurance EV CA-1')
 292         with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
 293             stack[-1]=c
 294         with self.assertRaises(IndexError):
 295             stack[3]=c
 296         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
 297             stack[0]=self.cert1
 298         with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
 299             stack.append(self.cert1)
 300     def test_certstack3(self):
 301         l=[]
 302         l.append(X509(self.cert1))
 303         self.assertEqual(unicode(l[0].subject[Oid('CN')]),u'Виктор Вагнер')
 304         l.append(X509(self.ca_cert))
 305         l.append(X509(self.digicert_cert))
 306         stack=StackOfX509(certs=l)
 307         stack2=StackOfX509(ptr=stack.ptr,disposable=False)
 308         with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
 309             stack3=StackOfX509(ptr=stack.ptr,certs=l)
 310         with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
 311             stack2[1]=l[0]
 312         with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
 313             stack2.append(l[0])
 314 if __name__ == '__main__':
 315     unittest.main()