2 <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=koi8-r">
3 <META NAME="DESCRIPTION" CONTENT="ïÐÉÓÁÎÉÅ ËÁË ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ NFS-ÒÕÔ ÄÌÑ
4 X-ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÍÉÎÉÍÁÌØÎÙÈ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÏ× ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× Debian
6 <TITLE>Creating diskless X-terminal with Debian etch</TITLE>
8 <H1>óÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÂÅÚÄÉÓËÏ×ÏÇÏ X-ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ Debian etch</h1>
10 ÷ ÓÏÓÔÁ× Debian etch ×ÈÏÄÑÔ ÐÁËÅÔÙ ltsp-server É ltsp-utils, ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏ
11 ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÎÙÅ ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÔÏÎËÉÈ ËÌÉÅÎÔÏ×. îÏ ÍÎÅ ÞÔÏ-ÔÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÉ×ÛÁÑÓÑ
12 "ÔÏÎËÏÓÔØ" ÎÅ ÐÏÎÒÁ×ÉÌÁÓØ.
15 ðÏÜÔÏÍÕ Ñ ÐÏÛÅÌ ÄÒÕÇÉÍ ÐÕÔÅÍ
18 óÎÁÞÁÌÁ Ñ ÞÅÓÔÎÏ ÐÏÐÙÔÁÌÓÑ ×ÏÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ debootstrap, ÎÏ ËÁË
19 ×ÙÑÓÎÉÌÏÓØ, ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ Õ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÍÙÈ ÄÌÑ X-ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÔÁËÉÅ,
20 ÞÔÏ ÏÊ. ðÏÌÕÞÉÔÓÑ ÎÅ ÍÅÎØÛÅ, ÞÅÍ Õ ltsp.
23 á ÍÎÅ × ÉÔÏÇÅ ÕÄÁÌÏÓØ ÕÌÏÖÉÔØÓÑ × 28íÂ. ôÏÖÅ ÍÎÏÇÏ, ÎÏ ÕÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ
24 ÚÁÈÏÞÅÔÓÑ, ÍÏÖÎÏ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÓÅÔÅ×ÏÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ÎÅÎÕÖÎÕÀ 32í CF-ËÕ ÎÁ IDE
27 <h2>ðÏÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÚÁÄÁÞÉ</h2>
29 éÍÅÅÔÓÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÁÑ ×ÉÄÅÏËÁÒÔÕ, ÓÅÔÅ×ÕÀ ËÁÒÔÕ Ó PXE-bootrom,
30 Ú×ÕËÏ×ÕÀ ËÁÒÔÕ, ÆÌÏÐÏ×ÏÄ É ÎÅÍÎÏÖËÏ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ (Õ ÍÅÎÑ - 64 ÍÂ).
31 èÏÞÅÔÓÑ ÞÔÏÂÙ ÜÔÁ ÛÔÕËÁ ÐÒÅ×ÒÁÔÉÌÁÓØ × ÐÏÌÎÏÃÅÎÎÏÅ ÒÁÂÏÞÅÅ ÍÅÓÔÏ, ÇÄÅ
32 ÍÏÖÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ Ó ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑÍÉ, × ÔÏÍ ÞÉÓÌÅ É ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÝÉÍÉ ÓÏ Ú×ÕËÏÍ,
33 ÞÉÔÁÔØ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ É USB-ÆÌÜÛËÉ.
36 äÌÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÎÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÏ ÞÔÏÂÙ ÎÁ ÜÔÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÌÉÓØ X-ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ, nasd
37 (ÖÅÌÁÀÝÉÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔ Ó PulseAudio ÉÌÉ esd), É Ä×Á floppyd
38 - ÏÄÉÎ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÏ×ÏÄ, ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÎÁ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï /dev/sda1.
41 <h2>ðÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÊ:</h2>
43 óÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÓÏÂÉÒÁÅÍ ÑÄÒÏ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ kernel-package. ÷ ÐÁËÅÔ. ñÄÒÏ ÓÏÂÉÒÁÅÍ
44 ÂÅÚ initrd, ÓÏ ×ÓÅÍÉ ÎÕÖÎÙÍÉ ÍÏÄÕÌÑÍÉ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ËÁÒÔ É ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÏÊ NFS-root
45 ×ÎÕÔÒÉ. ú×ÕË É ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ USB ÍÏÖÎÏ ÍÏÄÕÌÑÍÉ. USB ÎÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÁ ÒÁÄÉ
46 usb-storage, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÂÙÌÏ ×ÔÙËÁÔØ ÆÌÜÛËÉ × ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ É ÉÈ ÞÉÔÁÔØ Ó
50 âÅÒÅÍ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÊ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× (ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÂÕÄÕÔ
51 ÎÅÕÄÏ×ÌÅÔ×ÏÒÅÎÙ, ÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÎÕÖÎÏÊ ÎÁÍ ÆÕÎËÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÏÓÔÉ È×ÁÔÉÔ)
56 modutils (ÜÔÏ ÅÓÌÉ Ó ÑÄÒÏÍ 2.4. åÓÌÉ 2.6, ÔÏ module-init-tools)
75 xserver-xorg-video-ati <i>(ÜÔÏ Õ ÍÅÎÑ ati. õ ×ÁÓ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÄÒÕÇÏÅ. ÷
76 ÐÒÉÎÃÉÐÅ, installed-size Õ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× ÍÁÌÅÎØËÉÊ, ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÈÏÔØ ×ÓÅ
78 xserver-xorg-input-kbd
79 xserver-xorg-input-mouse
80 xserver-xorg-input-evdev
83 ÷ÙÂÉÒÁÅÍ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ (Õ ÍÅÎÑ /var/diskless), ÏÔËÕÄÁ ÜÔÏ ÄÅÌÏ
84 ÂÕÄÅÔ ÒÁÚÄÁ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÐÏ NFS.
87 òÁÓÐÁËÏ×Ù×ÁÅÍ ÔÕÄÁ ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÅÎÙÎÎÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ c ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ
90 dpkg-deb -X ÐÁËÅÔ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÑ
93 îÉËÁËÉÅ postinst ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ ÎÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÀÔÓÑ, ÎÏ × ÄÁÎÎÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ
94 ÎÅÔÒÉ×ÉÁÌØÎÙÈ postinst-ÓËÒÉÐÔÏ× É ÎÅÔ. ÷ÍÅÓÔÏ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÄÅÌÁÅÍ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÅ
97 # chroot /var/diskless /bin/busybox sh
98 / # mount -t proc none /proc
104 ÷Ù, ÎÁ×ÅÒÎÏÅ, ÕÄÉ×ÉÔÅÓØ: "á ÇÄÅ ÖÅ ÐÁËÅÔ xkb-data". á ÎÅÔÕ. íÙ ÂÕÄÅÍ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ xkbcomp Ó ÈÏÓÔÁ, ÐÒÉ ÌÏÇÉÎÅ ÉÚ .xsession. ôÁËÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ Õ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÀÚÅÒÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÁÑ ÒÁÓËÌÁÄËÁ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ.
107 ôÅÐÅÒØ ÎÁÄÏ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌ
108 <tt>/var/diskless/etc/X11/Xwrapper.config</tt>
109 (Ñ ÎÅ ÍÕÄÒÓÔ×ÕÑ ÌÕËÁ×Ï ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÌ ÅÇÏ Ó ÈÏÓÔÁ),
110 ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÓÉÍÌÉÎË <tt>/var/diskless/etc/X11/X</tt>, ×ÅÄÕÝÉÊ ÎÁ
111 <tt>/usr/bin/Xorg</tt> (ÁÇÁ,
112 ÉÍÅÎÎÏ ÓÏ ÓÌÜÛÏÍ ×ÎÁÞÁÌÅ). âÏÌØÛÉÅ ÜÓÔÅÔÙ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÅÇÏ ÚÁÊÄÑ ×
113 chroot É ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉ× ÔÁÍ busybox-Ï×ÓËÉÊ ÛÅÌÌ, ÎÏ Ñ É ÔÁË ÏÂÏÛÅÌÓÑ,
114 ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÉ /dev /tmp É /var/log É ÎÁÓÅÌÉÔØ dev ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÍÉ
115 ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÍÉ ÆÁÊÌÁÍÉ. õ ÍÅÎÑ ÔÁÍ
117 audio dsp0 mem port sda1 sda13 sda3 sda7 tty1 tty5
118 audio0 fd0 mixer psaux sda10 sda14 sda4 sda8 tty2 tty6
119 console full mixer0 random sda11 sda15 sda5 sda9 tty3 urandom
120 dsp kmem null sda sda12 sda2 sda6 tty0 tty4 zero
123 ÷ ÐÒÉÎÃÉÐÅ, ÞÁÓÔØ tty ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÏÔÒÙ×ÁÔØ, ÄÁ É ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ sda ËÒÏÍÅ sda1 ÎÅ
127 ëÌÁÄÅÍ xorg.conf × /etc/X11 (Õ ÎÅÇÏ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÅÄÉÎÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÊ ÜÌÅÍÅÎÔ
128 font-path, ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÀÝÉÊ ÎÁ ÆÏÎÔ-ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ) É ÉÍÅÅÍ ÐÒÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÇÏÔÏ×ÕÀ
129 ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ, ÚÁ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅÍ init.
132 ÷ÍÅÓÔÏ init ËÌÁÄÅÍ ÛÅÌÌÏ×ÓËÉÊ ÓËÒÉÐÔ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÇÏ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÎÉÑ:
135 <font face="monospace">
136 <font color="#8080ff">#!/bin/sh</font><br>
137 <font color="#00ffff">PATH</font>=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin<br>
138 <font color="#aaaa00">export</font> PATH<br>
139 respawn<font color="#aaaa00">()</font> <font color="#ff40ff">{</font><br>
140 <font color="#aaaa00">(</font>while true<font color="#aaaa00">;</font> <font color="#aaaa00">do</font><br>
141 <font color="#ff40ff">$1</font><br>
142 sleep <font color="#ff6060">5</font><br>
143 <font color="#aaaa00">done</font><font color="#aaaa00">)</font> <font color="#aaaa00">&</font><br>
144 <font color="#ff40ff">}</font><br>
145 <font color="#aaaa00">echo</font><font color="#ff6060"> -n loading modules</font><br>
146 <font color="#aaaa00">for</font> i <font color="#aaaa00">in</font> usbcore uhci usb-storage opl3sa2<font color="#aaaa00">;</font> <font color="#aaaa00">do</font><br>
147 modprobe <font color="#ff40ff">$i</font> <font color="#aaaa00">&&</font> <font color="#aaaa00">echo</font><font color="#ff6060"> -n </font><font color="#aaaa00">"</font><font color="#ff6060"> </font><font color="#ff40ff">$i</font><font color="#aaaa00">"</font><br>
148 <font color="#aaaa00">done</font><br>
149 <font color="#aaaa00">echo</font><font color="#ff6060"> </font><font color="#aaaa00">"</font><font color="#ff6060">.</font><font color="#aaaa00">"</font><br>
150 <font color="#aaaa00">echo</font><font color="#ff6060"> starting portmapper</font><br>
151 /sbin/portmap -v -d <font color="#aaaa00">&</font><br>
154 <font color="#aaaa00">echo</font><font color="#ff6060"> mounting all filesystems</font><br>
156 mount /proc/bus/usb<br>
157 <font color="#aaaa00">echo</font><font color="#ff6060"> clearing /tmp</font><br>
158 <font color="#aaaa00">cd</font> /tmp<font color="#aaaa00">&&</font> rm -rf * .sockets .X0-lock<br>
160 <font color="#aaaa00">echo</font><font color="#ff6060"> -n starting floppyd</font><br>
161 floppyd -r root -d /dev/fd0<font color="#aaaa00">&&</font> <font color="#aaaa00">echo</font><font color="#ff6060"> -n </font><font color="#aaaa00">"</font><font color="#ff6060"> floppy</font><font color="#aaaa00">"</font><font color="#ff6060"> </font><br>
162 floppyd -r root -s <font color="#ff6060">5704</font> /dev/sda1<font color="#aaaa00">&&</font> <font color="#aaaa00">echo</font><font color="#ff6060"> -n </font><font color="#aaaa00">"</font><font color="#ff6060"> flash</font><font color="#aaaa00">"</font><br>
163 <font color="#aaaa00">echo</font><font color="#ff6060"> .</font><br>
165 respawn <font color="#aaaa00">"</font><font color="#ff6060">nasd -aa</font><font color="#aaaa00">"</font><br>
166 respawn <font color="#aaaa00">"</font><font color="#ff6060">X -query wagner.wagner.home</font><font color="#aaaa00">"</font><br>
167 <font color="#aaaa00">wait</font><br>
170 ôÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÌÕÞÉ×ÛÕÀÓÑ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ ÎÁÄÏ ÒÁÚÄÁÔØ ÐÏ NFS Ó ÏÐÃÉÑÍÉ
172 É ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÓÔÒÁÉ×ÁÔØ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÕ.
174 <h2>îÁÓÔÒÏÊÒËÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ</h2>
176 óÔÁ×ÉÍ ÎÁ ÈÏÓÔ ÐÁËÅÔÙ syslinux, dhcp3-server É tftp-hpa. ÷ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ
177 tftp-hpa ÎÕÖÎÏ ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÏÐÃÉÀ -r blksize, ÐÏÔÏÍÕ ÞÔÏ Õ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ PXEboot
178 ROM ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ Ó ÜÔÏÊ ÏÐÃÉÅÊ.
181 /usr/lib/pxelinux.0 É ÑÄÒÏ ÉÚ /var/diskless/boot ËÏÐÉÒÕÅÍ ×
185 óÏÚÄÁÅÍ ÄÉÒÅËÔÏÒÉÀ /var/lib/ftpboot/pxelinux.cfg É ÐÏÍÅÝÁÅÍ ÔÕÄÁ ÆÁÊÌ
186 default ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÇÏ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÎÉÑ:
188 DEFAULT term root=/dev/nfs
189 ip=192.168.217.5:192.168.217.1:192.168.217.1:255.255.255.0:xterm3:eth0:dhcp
190 nfsroot=192.168.217.1:/var/diskless rw
193 KERNEL vmlinuz-2.4.27-terminals
195 <p>×ÓÅ ÞÔÏ ÉÄÅÔ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÓÌÏ×Á DEFAULT ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÂÙÔØ ÏÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÏÊ</p>
197 åÓÌÉ ÐÏÞÉÔÁÔØ ÐÏÌÕÞÛÅ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ ÎÁ ÏÐÃÉÀ nfsroot × ÑÄÒÅ, ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ
198 ÕÄÁÓÔÓÑ ÏÂÏÊÔÉÓØ ÂÅÚ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ ip, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÆÁËÔØÞÅÓËÉ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔ Ë
199 ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÎÁÌÉÞÉÑ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ
200 ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ. îÏ Ñ ÐÏËÁ ÎÅ ÓÔÁÌ Ó ÜÔÉÍ ÚÁÍÏÒÁÞÉ×ÁÔÓØÑ, ÐÏÔÏÍÕ ÞÔÏ pxelinux
201 ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÉÓËÁÔØ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÐÏ IP-ÁÄÒÅÓÕ ÉÌÉ mac-ÁÄÒÅÓÕ, Á
202 ÞÅÒÅÚ ÜÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ ÍÏÖÎÏ (× ×ÉÄÅ ÎÅÐÏÎÉÍÁÅÍÙÈ ÑÄÒÏÍ ÏÐÃÉÊ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ,
203 ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÐÏÔÏÍ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÓËÒÉÐÔÏÍ ÉÚ×ÌÅÞØ ÉÚ /proc/cmdline) ÐÅÒÅÄÁÔØ ÍÎÏÇÏ
204 ÔÁËÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏ ÎÅ ×ÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ × DHCP.
207 ÷ dhcpd.conf ÐÉÛÅÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ host ÄÌÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ. (ÅÓÌÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ× ÍÎÏÇÏ,
208 ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÐÉÓÁÔØ ÏÄÉÎ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ group, ÎÏ ÜÔÏ ÕÖ ÞÉÔÁÊÔÅ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ ÎÁ
209 pxelinux É dhcpd ÓÁÍÉ)
213 hardware ethernet xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx;
214 fixed-address 192.168.217.5;
215 option host-name "xterm3";
216 next-server 192.168.217.1;
217 option domain-name "wagner.home";
218 filename "pxelinux.0";
219 option root-path "wagner.wagner,home:/var/diskless/";
224 çÌÁ×ÎÏÅ, ÎÅ ÚÁÂÙÔØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ next-server, ÐÏÔÏÍÕ ÞÔÏ ÅÓÌÉ PXE BootRom ÐÒÅËÒÁÓÎÏ ÏÂÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÂÅÚ ÎÅ£, ÔÏ pxelinux ÐÏÞÅÍÕ-ÔÏ ÎÁÞÉÎÁÅÔ ÔÁÝÉÔØ Ó×ÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ É ÑÄÒÏ Ó ÁÄÒÅÓÁ 0.0.0.0.
227 ôÅÐÅÒØ ÓÔÁ×ÉÍ xfs, ÏÔÒÙ×ÁÅÍ Õ ÎÅÇÏ ÉÚ ËÏÎÆÉÇÁ no-listen = tcp,
228 É ÒÁÚÒÅÛÁÅÍ ÏÂÓÌÕÖÉ×ÁÎÉÅ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ× × display manager. ÷ xdm ÄÌÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÚÁËÏÍÅÎÔÁÒÉÔØ ÓÔÒÏÞËÕ
230 DisplayManager.requestPort: 0
232 × xdm-config É ÒÁÓËÏÍÅÎÔÁÒÉÔØ ÓÔÒÏÞËÕ
234 * # any host can get a login window
239 çÏÔÏ×Ï, ÍÏÖÎÏ ÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ.
242 îÁÕÞÉÔØÓÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÔØ aÄÒÅÓ ÆÏÎÔ-ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ É ÁÄÒÅÓ ÈÏÓÔÁ, ÐÅÒÅÄÁ×ÁÅÍÏÇÏ × ÏÐÃÉÀ query ÐÏ dhcp (ÏÐÃÉÉ font-server É x-display-manager)