some changes

[sites/csbook.git] / chapters / backups.tex

diff --git a/chapters/backups.tex b/chapters/backups.tex
index e63d6649cf59d387592fa4651a216af854e7b4d6..c17615280a848d8f533330da4de7058aba46c2d9 100644 (file)
--- a/chapters/backups.tex
+++ b/chapters/backups.tex
@@ -1,8 +1,31 @@
 
 \section{úÁÂÏÔÁ Ï ÓÏÈÒÁÎÎÏÓÔÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ}
 
-% ÔÕÔ ÎÁÄÏ ÂÙ ÏÂÝÉÈ ÓÌÏ× ÐÒÏ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏÓÔØ backup--Ï×, ÓÔÒÁÛÉÌÏË ÐÒÏ
-% ÐÏÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÑ ÏÔ ÐÏÔÅÒÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, É ÔÏÍÕ ÐÏÄÏÂÎÏÅ.
+ éÚ×ÅÓÔÎÏ, ÞÔÏ ÐÏËÁ ÒÁË ÎÁ ÇÏÒÅ ÎÅ Ó×ÉÓÔÎÅÔ, ÍÕÖÉË ÎÅ ÐÅÒÅËÒÅÓÔÉÔÓÑ.
+âÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ ÐÏÎÉÍÁÅÔ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏÓÔØ × ×ÅÄÅÎÉÉ ÁÒÈÉ×Á ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÙÈ
+ËÏÐÉÊ ÌÉÛØ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÓÅÒØ£ÚÎÏÊ ÐÏÔÅÒÉ ×ÁÖÎÙÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ É ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÎÏÇÏ × ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔÅ
+ÎÁÇÏÎÑÑ ÏÔ ÎÁÞÁÌØÓÔ×Á. éÎÏÇÄÁ ÜÔÏ ÂÙ×ÁÅÔ ×ÅÓØÍÁ ÂÏÌØÎÏ É ÏÂÉÄÎÏ. åÝ£
+ÂÏÌØÎÅÅ ÏÂÉÄÎÅÅ, ËÏÇÄÁ ÔÅÒÑÀÔÓÑ Ó×ÏÉ, ÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÅ - ÌÀÂÉÍÙÊ 
+ÆÏÔÏÁÌØÂÏÍ, ÁÒÈÉ× ÓÔÁÒÙÈ ÄÏÂÒÙÈ ÉÇÒÕÛÅË, ÐÏÞÔÏ×ÙÊ ÑÝÉË, ÇÄÅ 
+ÂÙÌÁ ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓËÁ Ó ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÏÊ ÌÀÂÏ×ÎÉÃÅÊ. ëÏÎÅÞÎÏ ÖÅ, ÈÏÞÅÔÓÑ ×Ó£ ÉÓÐÙÔÁÔØ ÎÁ
+ÓÅÂÅ, É ÓÁÍÏÓÔÏÑÔÅÌØÎÏ ÕÂÅÄÉÔØÓÑ × ÎÅÎÁÄ£ÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ---
+ÎÏ ÍÙ ÂÙ ÎÅ ÓÏ×ÅÔÏ×ÁÌÉ. ðÒÏÝÅ ÕÞÉÔØÓÑ ÎÁ ÞÕÖÉÈ ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ.
+
+ éÔÁË, ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ --- ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÄÁÌÅËÏ ÎÅ ÎÁÄ£ÖÎÁÑ, ÐÏÄ×ÅÒÖÅÎÎÁÑ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÀ
+ÚÁËÏÎÏ× íÅÒÆÉ, ËÁË É ×ÏÏÂÝÅ ÌÀÂÁÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÎÁÑ ÞÅÌÏ×ÅËÏÍ ÉÌÉ ÐÒÉÒÏÄÏÊ ÔÅÈÎÉËÁ.
+ëÒÏÍÅ ÅÓÔÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÒÉÞÉÎ, ÔÁËÉÈ, ËÁË ÆÉÚÉÞÅÓËÁÑ ÎÅÉÓÐÒÁ×ÎÏÓÔØ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ,
+ÐÒÑÍÏÅ ÐÏÐÁÄÁÎÉÅ ÍÅÔÅÏÒÉÔÁ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÊ ÂÌÏË, ÔÅÒÒÏÒÉÓÔÉÞÅÓËÉÅ ÁËÔÙ, ÐÒÏÌÉÔÙÊ
+ËÕÄÁ ÎÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÞÁÊ ÉÌÉ ÚÒÑ ÐÏÄ×ÅÒÎÕ×ÛÁÑÓÑ ÐÏÄ ÒÕËÕ × ÍÉÎÕÔÙ ÇÎÅ×Á ËÕ×ÁÌÄÁ,
+ÅÓÔØ É ×ÎÕÔÒÅÎÎÉÅ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÓÙÌËÉ Ë ÐÏÒÞÅ É ÐÏÔÅÒÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ --- ÏÛÉÂËÉ ÉÌÉ
+ÎÅÄÏÄÅÌËÉ × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÍ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÉ, ÎÅÏÓÔÏÒÏÖÎÙÅ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ
+ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, ÎÅËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÁÑ ÏÒÇÁÎÉÚÁÃÉÑ ÓÁÍÉÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ. áÂÓÏÌÀÔÎÏÊ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÎÏÓÔÉ
+ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ÎÁ ÕÒÏ×ÎÅ ``ÒÕËÏÐÉÓÉ ÎÅ ÇÏÒÑÔ'', ÇÁÒÁÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÎÉÞÔÏ, ÎÏ
+ÓÔÏÉÔ ÈÏÔÑ ÂÙ ÎÅÍÎÏÇÏ ÐÏ×ÙÓÉÔØ ÎÁÄ£ÖÎÏÓÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ É ÚÁÓÔÒÁÈÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÅÂÑ ÏÔ 
+ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÁÓÔÙÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÊÎÏÓÔÅÊ. ïÄÉÎ ÉÚ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ É ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÙÈ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏ×
+ÐÏÄÏÂÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÁÈÏ×ËÉ --- ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÁÒÈÉ×Á ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÙÈ ËÏÐÉÊ. äÁÌÅÅ ÍÙ ÒÁÓÓÍÏÔÒÉÍ
+ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÏÂÝÉÅ ÐÒÉÎÃÉÐÙ É ÐÒÏÓÔÙÅ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÙ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÁÒÈÉ×Á.
+
+% ....
 
  äÌÑ ÏÒÇÁÎÉÚÁÃÉÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÙÈ ËÏÐÉÊ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÉÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ
 ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÉÔØ:
@@ -54,7 +77,8 @@
 ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ext3 c --journal-data, É ÏÎ
 ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎ ËÁË ÓÏÆÔÏ×ÙÊ RAID--ÍÁÓÓÉ× (mirror) ÉÚ Ä×ÕÈ ÏÄÉÎÁËÏ×ÙÈ ÖÅÓÔËÉÈ
 ÄÉÓËÏ×. ôÁË ÖÅ ÉÍÅÅÔÓÑ × ÎÁÌÉÞÉÉ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï ÚÁÐÉÓÉ CDRW--ÄÉÓËÏ× (ÎÏ ÎÅÔ
-ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ UDF). æÉÎÁÎÓÏ×ÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÎÁÛÅÇÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ
+ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ UDF, ÄÁÂÙ ÓÉÔÕÁÃÉÑ ÐÏÈÏÄÉÌÁ ÎÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÌÅÎÔÏÞÎÏÇÏ
+ÎÁËÏÐÉÔÅÌÑ). æÉÎÁÎÓÏ×ÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÎÁÛÅÇÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ
 ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÎÙ, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ÏÎ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÓÅÂÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔØ ×ÙÄÅÌÉÔØ ÐÏÄ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÏÅ
 ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÌÉÛØ 6 ÂÏÌ×ÁÎÏË. ðÒÏÍÁÒËÉÒÕÅÍ ÉÈ ÚÁÒÁÎÅÅ ËÁË ``Backup disk 1'',
 ``Backup disk 2'', ..., ``Backup disk 6''.
@@ -103,3 +127,103 @@ $SYNC work
 0 * * * *   /home/user/backup0.sh > /dev/null 2>&1
 \end{verbatim}
 
+ ôÅÐÅÒØ ÂÕÄÅÍ ÄÅÌÁÔØ ÎÁËÏÐÌÅÎÉÅ ÉÎËÒÅÍÅÎÔÁÌØÎÙÈ ÁÒÈÉ×Ï× ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÉÉ
+ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÚÅÒËÁÌÁ. ðÏËÁ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÍ ÚÁÔÒÁÇÉ×ÁÔØ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÅ ÁÒÈÉ×Ï× mail,
+downloads É work --- ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÉÍÓÑ cvsroot É archive.
+äÌÑ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÔÙ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÍ ÐÒÅÄÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÔØ ÎÉËÁËÉÈ
+ÕÓÉÌÉÊ ÐÏ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÀ ÐÕÓÔÙÈ ÁÒÈÉ×Ï×.
+
+%%% ÆÁÊÌ mkincremental0.sh
+\begin{verbatim}
+#!/bin/sh
+
+BASE=/mnt/backups/user/
+ILOGS=$BASE/ilogs/
+ITARS=$BASE/itars/
+BTARS=$BASE/btars/
+
+BASENAME=$1--`date +%Y-%m-%d-%s`
+TARNAME=$BASENAME.tar
+LOGNAME=$BASENAME.log
+LOG0NAME=$1--current
+
+cp $ILOGS/$LOG0NAME $ILOGS/$LOGNAME
+
+tar --listed-incremental=$ILOGS/$LOGNAME -cjf $ITARS/$TARNAME.bz2 \
+        $BASE/current/$1/
+
+rm -f $ILOGS/$LOG0NAME
+cp $ILOGS/$LOGNAME $ILOGS/$LOG0NAME
+\end{verbatim}
+
+ óËÒÉÐÔ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÓÏÚÄÁÓÔ ÎÁÍ ÐÅÒ×ÏÎÁÞÁÌØÎÕÀ ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÕ ÉÎËÒÅÍÅÎÔÁÌØÎÙÈ
+ÁÒÈÉ×Ï×:
+
+%%% ÆÁÊÌ initincremental0.sh
+\begin{verbatim}
+#!/bin/sh
+
+BASE=/mnt/backups/user/
+ILOGS=$BASE/ilogs/
+ITARS=$BASE/itars/
+BTARS=$BASE/btars/
+
+rm -f $ILOGS/$1-initial.log
+rm -f $BTARS/$1-base.tar.bz2
+
+tar --listed-incremental=$ILOGS/$1-initial.log \
+       -cjf $BTARS/$1-base.tar.bz2 \
+       $BASE/current/$1/
+
+cp $ILOGS/$1-initial.log $ILOGS/$1--current
+
+\end{verbatim}
+
+ óÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÏ, ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ, ËÁË ÎÁÞÁÔØ (ÕÖÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï×ÁÔØ ÚÅÒËÁÌÏ), ÍÙ
+×ÙÚÙ×ÁÅÍ ÏÄÉÎ ÒÁÚ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÊ ÓËÒÉÐÔ (ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÏÔÏÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ É ÐÒÉ
+ÒÏÔÁÃÉÑÈ).
+
+%%% ÆÁÊÌ inittars.sh
+\begin{verbatim}
+#!/bin/sh
+
+BASE=/mnt/backups/user/
+ILOGS=$BASE/ilogs/
+ITARS=$BASE/itars/
+BTARS=$BASE/btars/
+
+rm -Rf $ILOGS $ITARS $BTARS
+mkdir -p $ILOGS $ITARS $BTARS
+
+INIT=/home/user/initincremental0.sh
+
+$INIT cvsroot
+$INIT archive
+\end{verbatim}
+
+ ôÅÐÅÒØ ÐÒÉÓÔÕÐÉÍ Ë ÚÁÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÀ ÂÏÌ×ÁÎÏË CDRW.
+
+%%% æÁÊÌ prepareiso.sh
+\begin{verbatim}
+#!/bin/sh
+
+BASE=/mnt/backups/user/
+ILOGS=$BASE/ilogs/
+ITARS=$BASE/itars/
+BTARS=$BASE/btars/
+CDCON=$BASE/cdcon/
+CD=$BASE/newcd/
+VOLUME=`cat $CDCON/nextvol`
+SSN=`cat $CDCON/session`
+OUT=$CD/vol$VOLUME
+mkdir -p $OUT/btars/
+mkdir -p $OUT/itars/
+mkdir -p $OUT/ilogs/
+mv $BTARS/*.tar* $OUT/btars/
+mv $ITARS/*.tar* $OUT/itars/
+mv $ILOGS/*.log $OUT/ilogs/
+bzip2 $OUT/ilogs/*.log
+mkisofs -r -M $CDCON/backup.iso -o $CD/nextsession.iso $OUT
+rm -Rf $OUT
+\end{verbatim}
+